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アッラーの99の御名 — Asma' ul-Husna
預言者ﷺはこう仰せになりました：「アッラーには99の御名がある。100より一つ少ない。それを数え上げた者は楽園に入る。」以下に、アッラーの99の美しい御名（Asma' ul-Husna）をアラビア語・トランスリタレーション・各御名の簡潔な意味とともに掲載します。読み、思索し、暗記するためにご活用ください。
99の御名すべて
アラビア語名、トランスリタレーション、意味
- الرَّحْمَٰن — Ar-Rahman: The Most Compassionate — The Most Compassionate toward all His creation
- الرَّحِيم — Ar-Raheem: The Most Merciful — The Most Merciful toward the believers
- الْمَلِك — Al-Malik: The King, the Sovereign — The Sovereign Owner of all things
- الْقُدُّوس — Al-Quddus: The Most Holy — The One transcendent above all imperfection
- السَّلَام — As-Salam: The Source of Peace — The One free from every flaw and deficiency
- الْمُؤْمِن — Al-Mu'min: The Granter of Security — The One who affirms His messengers and grants security
- الْمُهَيْمِن — Al-Muhaymin: The Guardian, the Overseer — The Watchful Guardian over His creation
- الْعَزِيز — Al-Aziz: The Almighty — The Almighty who is never overcome
- الْجَبَّار — Al-Jabbar: The Compeller — The Compeller who subdues His creation
- الْمُتَكَبِّر — Al-Mutakabbir: The Supreme in Greatness — The One exalted in greatness above all evil
- الْخَالِق — Al-Khaliq: The Creator — The Creator who brings all things into being from nothing
- الْبَارِئ — Al-Bari': The Originator — The Originator who fashions creation in perfect form
- الْمُصَوِّر — Al-Musawwir: The Fashioner of Forms — The One who shapes His creation however He wills
- الْغَفَّار — Al-Ghaffar: The All-Forgiving — The One who pardons the sins of His servants
- الْقَهَّار — Al-Qahhar: The Subduer — The One who subdues all things
- الْوَهَّاب — Al-Wahhab: The Bestower of Gifts — The One who bestows freely, without recompense
- الرَّزَّاق — Ar-Razzaq: The Provider — The One who provides sustenance for all His creation
- الْفَتَّاح — Al-Fattah: The Opener, the Judge — The One who judges between His servants with truth
- الْعَلِيم — Al-Alim: The All-Knowing — The One who knows all things
- الْقَابِض — Al-Qabid: The Withholder — The One who withholds provision and souls by His wisdom
- الْبَاسِط — Al-Basit: The Extender — The One who extends provision to whom He wills
- الْخَافِض — Al-Khafid: The Abaser — The One who abases the arrogant and the disobedient
- الرَّافِع — Ar-Rafi': The Exalter — The One who elevates His allies through their obedience
- الْمُعِزّ — Al-Mu'izz: The Honourer — The One who grants honour to whom He wills
- الْمُذِلّ — Al-Mudhill: The Dishonourer — The Dishonourer of whom He wills, by His justice
- السَّمِيع — As-Sami': The All-Hearing — The All-Hearing of every sound
- الْبَصِير — Al-Basir: The All-Seeing — The All-Seeing of all things
- الْحَكَم — Al-Hakam: The Impartial Judge — The Impartial Judge among His creation
- الْعَدْل — Al-Adl: The Utterly Just — The Utterly Just in His rulings and His actions
- اللَّطِيف — Al-Latif: The Subtle, the Gentle — The Subtle with His servants, the Gentle toward them
- الْخَبِير — Al-Khabir: The All-Aware — The All-Aware of the innermost depths of all affairs
- الْحَلِيم — Al-Halim: The Forbearing — The Forbearing who does not hasten punishment
- الْعَظِيم — Al-Azim: The Magnificent — The Magnificent in His essence and His attributes
- الْغَفُور — Al-Ghafur: The Great Forgiver — The Great Forgiver who conceals and pardons
- الشَّكُور — Ash-Shakur: The Most Appreciative — The Most Appreciative who grants abundant reward for little deeds
- الْعَلِيّ — Al-Ali: The Most High — The Most High above His creation
- الْكَبِير — Al-Kabir: The Most Great — The Most Great, before Whom all things are lesser
- الْحَفِيظ — Al-Hafiz: The Preserver — The Preserver of His creation and their deeds
- الْمُقِيت — Al-Muqit: The Nourisher, the Sustainer — The Sustainer Who provides nourishment to all creation
- الْحَسِيب — Al-Hasib: The Reckoner — The Reckoner Who calls His servants to account
- الْجَلِيل — Al-Jalil: The Majestic — The Majestic, possessor of glory and greatness
- الْكَرِيم — Al-Karim: The Most Generous — The Most Generous, abundant in goodness and giving
- الرَّقِيب — Ar-Raqib: The Watchful — The Watchful over all things
- الْمُجِيب — Al-Mujib: The Responsive — The Responsive to the supplications of His servants
- الْوَاسِع — Al-Wasi': The All-Encompassing — The All-Encompassing in His knowledge and mercy
- الْحَكِيم — Al-Hakim: The All-Wise — The All-Wise in His words and His deeds
- الْوَدُود — Al-Wadud: The Most Loving — The Most Loving toward His devoted servants
- الْمَجِيد — Al-Majeed: The Most Glorious — The Most Glorious, supreme in His perfection
- الْبَاعِث — Al-Ba'ith: The Resurrector — The One who resurrects all creation on the Day of Judgment
- الشَّهِيد — Ash-Shahid: The Witness — The One who witnesses all things
- الْحَقّ — Al-Haqq: The Absolute Truth — The Absolute Truth, established beyond all doubt
- الْوَكِيل — Al-Wakil: The Trustee, the Disposer of Affairs — The Trustee who suffices those who place their trust in Him
- الْقَوِيّ — Al-Qawiyy: The Most Strong — The One of perfect and complete power
- الْمَتِين — Al-Matin: The Firm, the Steadfast — The One of intense and unshakable strength
- الْوَلِيّ — Al-Waliyy: The Protecting Friend — The Protecting Ally who grants victory to His servants
- الْحَمِيد — Al-Hamid: The Praiseworthy — The One who is praised and worthy of all praise in every state
- الْمُحْصِي — Al-Muhsi: The All-Enumerating — The One who enumerates all things in exact number
- الْمُبْدِئ — Al-Mubdi': The Originator — The One who originated all creation from nothing
- الْمُعِيد — Al-Mu'id: The Restorer — The One who restores creation after its passing
- الْمُحْيِي — Al-Muhyi: The Giver of Life — The One who gives life to the dead
- الْمُمِيت — Al-Mumit: The Bringer of Death — The One who brings death to every living being
- الْحَيّ — Al-Hayy: The Ever-Living — The Ever-Living who never dies
- الْقَيُّوم — Al-Qayyum: The Self-Subsisting Sustainer — The Self-Subsisting who sustains all others
- الْوَاجِد — Al-Wajid: The Perceiver, the Finder — The One who lacks nothing and is in want of nothing
- الْمَاجِد — Al-Majid: The Noble, the Illustrious — The One of boundless generosity and sublime glory
- الْوَاحِد — Al-Wahid: The One — The One who is singular and alone in His essence
- الْأَحَد — Al-Ahad: The Unique, the Indivisible — The One who has no equal or likeness
- الصَّمَد — As-Samad: The Eternal, Self-Sufficient — The One to whom all turn in their needs
- الْقَادِر — Al-Qadir: The All-Powerful — The One who has power over all things
- الْمُقْتَدِر — Al-Muqtadir: The Omnipotent — The One whose power is perfect and complete
- الْمُقَدِّم — Al-Muqaddim: The Expediter — The One who brings forward whatever He wills
- الْمُؤَخِّر — Al-Mu'akhkhir: The Delayer — The One who delays whatever He wills by His wisdom
- الْأَوَّل — Al-Awwal: The First — The First, before whom there is nothing
- الْآخِر — Al-Akhir: The Last — The Last, after whom there is nothing
- الظَّاهِر — Az-Zahir: The Manifest — The Manifest, above whom there is nothing
- الْبَاطِن — Al-Batin: The Hidden — The Hidden, beyond whom there is nothing
- الْوَالِي — Al-Wali: The Patron, the Governor — The Patron who governs all His creation
- الْمُتَعَالِي — Al-Muta'ali: The Most Exalted — The Most Exalted, far above every imperfection
- الْبَرّ — Al-Barr: The Source of Goodness — The Source of Goodness who bestows favor upon His servants
- التَّوَّاب — At-Tawwab: The Ever-Accepting of Repentance — The Ever-Accepting of Repentance from all who turn back to Him
- الْمُنْتَقِم — Al-Muntaqim: The Avenger — The Avenger who requites the disobedient with perfect justice
- الْعَفُوّ — Al-Afuww: The Pardoner — The Pardoner who effaces sins entirely
- الرَّؤُوف — Ar-Ra'uf: The Most Kind — The Most Kind, intense in compassion
- مَالِكُ الْمُلْك — Malik-ul-Mulk: Owner of all Sovereignty — The Owner of all Sovereignty, who disposes of it however He wills
- ذُو الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَام — Dhul-Jalali wal-Ikram: Lord of Majesty and Honour — The Possessor of Majesty, Honour, and Greatness
- الْمُقْسِط — Al-Muqsit: The Equitable — The Just and Equitable in His judgment
- الْجَامِع — Al-Jami': The Gatherer — The Gatherer of all creation for the Day of Reckoning
- الْغَنِيّ — Al-Ghani: The Self-Sufficient — The Self-Sufficient, independent of all else
- الْمُغْنِي — Al-Mughni: The Enricher — The Enricher who bestows wealth upon whom He wills
- الْمَانِع — Al-Mani': The Withholder, the Protector — The Withholder of what He wills in His infinite wisdom
- الضَّارّ — Ad-Darr: The Creator of Harm — The Bringer of harm to whom He wills by His decree
- النَّافِع — An-Nafi': The Creator of Good — The Bestower of benefit upon whom He wills
- النُّور — An-Nur: The Light — The Light who illuminated the heavens and the earth
- الْهَادِي — Al-Hadi: The Guide — The Guide who leads His servants to the truth
- الْبَدِيع — Al-Badi': The Incomparable Originator — The Incomparable Originator who created without precedent
- الْبَاقِي — Al-Baqi: The Everlasting — The Everlasting who never perishes
- الْوَارِث — Al-Warith: The Inheritor — The Inheritor who endures after all creation has perished
- الرَّشِيد — Ar-Rashid: The Guide to the Right Path — The Guide to the Right Path whose every act is perfectly sound
- الصَّبُور — As-Sabur: The Most Patient — The Most Patient who does not hasten to inflict punishment
よくある質問
- アッラーの99の御名とは何ですか？
- アッラーの99の御名は、Asma' ul-Husna（「最も美しい御名」）と呼ばれ、クルアーンとスンナにおいてアッラーを表す御名と属性です。例えば、アッ＝ラフマーン（最も慈悲深き御方）やアル＝マリク（主権者）などがあります。この数はハディースに「アッラーには99の御名がある、100より一つ少ない」と記されています。
- アッラーの御名はクルアーンのどこに記されていますか？
- 御名はクルアーン全体にわたって登場します。アッラーは「アッラーには最も美しい御名がある。それらによって御方を呼び求めよ」（スーラ・アル＝アアラーフ 7:180）と仰せになり、スーラ・アル＝ハシュルの末尾の一節（59:22–24）では四つの御名が連なっています。また第17章110節では「アッラーと呼び求めよ、あるいは最も慈悲深き御方と呼び求めよ。どちらで呼び求めても、御方には最も美しい御名がある」と述べられています。
- 99の御名を暗記することに報奨はありますか？
- はい。預言者ﷺは、99の御名を数え上げた（暗記し、理解し、それに従って行動した）者は楽園に入ると仰せになりました。これはサヒーフ・アル＝ブハーリー（第2736番）とサヒーフ・ムスリム（第2677番）に記録されています。「数え上げること（イフサー）」は単に暗唱するだけでなく、意味を理解し、それに従って生きることを含みます。
- クルアーンにはアッラーの御名が99以上含まれていますか？
- はい。イブン・ハジャル・アル＝アスカラーニーをはじめとする学者たちは、アッラーの御名は99に限定されるものではないと指摘しています。ハディースの数字は、その数え上げに楽園が約束される御名を指すものであり、御名の総数を制限するものではありません。よく知られた99の御名の正典リストは、アブー・フライラが伝え、スナン・アッ＝ティルミズィー（第3507番）に記録されています。
- 「Asma' ul-Husna」とはどういう意味ですか？
- Asma' ul-Husna（الأسماء الحسنى）は「最も美しい御名」と訳されます。クルアーンはこの正確な表現を四回（7:180、17:110、20:8、59:24）用いており、アッラーのすべての御名が完全で美しく、いかなる欠点もないことを示しています。
- アッラーの最も偉大な御名（イスム・アル＝アアザム）とは何ですか？
- 多くの学者は、アッラーの最も偉大な御名（イスム・アル＝アアザム）は「アッラー」という御名そのものであると考えています。一方、別の学者たちは、アル＝ハイイ・アル＝カイユーム（永遠に生きる御方、自存する御方）を挙げます。これは、この御名を用いた懇願は応えられるというスナン・アビー・ダーウード（第1495番）およびアッ＝ティルミズィー（第3478番）のハディースに基づいています。
- アッラーの99の御名を暗記するにはどうすればよいですか？
- 御名を5〜10個の小グループに分けて覚え、それぞれの意味とともに毎日繰り返し、五回の義務礼拝（サラート）の後に唱えましょう。音声で御名を聴き、簡潔な解説を読むことで暗記が大幅に早まります。Qurani アプリでは、この目的のために99の御名すべてを意味と音声付きで提供しています。
- アッラーの御名をオフラインで学べますか？
- はい。無料の Qurani アプリには、99の御名の完全なリストが意味と音声付きで収録されており、広告なし・アカウント不要で完全にオフラインでご利用いただけます。